Facing up to disability
نویسنده
چکیده
Ways of thinking about and responding to disability have radically changed in recent decades. Traditionally, disability was regarded in terms of sin, karma, or divine punishment. More recently, disability was made a medical issue and defined in terms of shortcomings of body or mind, which had to be prevented or cured at all costs. In the late 20th century, people with disabilities worldwide became more organised and created national and international disabled people’s organisations. They successfully demanded that disability be seen as a matter of equal opportunities and human rights, a shift which has now been described in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. This is a global treaty which has so far been signed by 155 states and passed into law by 127. Disabled activists and academics make a distinction between impairment – in the individual’s functioning – and disability, understood as the relationship between a person with impairment and their society. By failing to consider the needs and wants of people with impairments, and failing to make the world more accessible for them, society is in fact responsible for disabling people who have impairments. This is known as the social model of disability. Disability is shaped by physical barriers (e.g. medicine labels which are too small for people with visual impairment to read, or stairs to the hospital entrance which prevent people using wheelchairs from going in) and social barriers, including negative attitudes and cultural messages, and discrimination in employment.
منابع مشابه
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عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 26 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2013